Metacognition, motivation, self-efficacy belief, and English learning achievement in online learning: Longitudinal mediation modeling approach

The Purpose Despite a large number of studies in online learning, limited have focused on language learners’ metacognition, motivation, and self-efficacy beliefs the learning setting. This study attempts to fill this gap by evaluating how three factors impact English achievement environments.Design Surveys were administered two times. Data analyses based longitudinal mediation analysis. participants 590 undergraduate students China.Findings results showed positive significant correlation among four variables. Overall, predicted achievement. findings support joint mediating role metacognition motivation effects achievement.Value need strengthen for learning.